产前超声诊断胎儿生殖系统异常的临床证据_《中国循证医学杂志》

作者：

唐英 ,  罗红

四川大学华西第二医院超声科（成都 610041）;

关键词：

超声检查胎儿畸形生殖系统临床证据

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20090244

视频：

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目的　探讨产前超声筛查胎儿生殖系统异常是否可行。
方法　计算机检索Cochrane 图书馆（2009 年第2 期）、MEDLINE（1981 ～ 2009）、OVID ACP Journal Club（1991 ～ 2009）和BMJ Clinical Evidence（1999 ～ 2009），寻找相关的系统评价、随机对照试验、队列研究、临床对照试验。
结果　检索到队列研究5 个、横断面研究3 个。结果显示：超声观察早孕期（孕11 ～ 14 周）胎儿臀部泌尿生殖结节线指向、泌尿生殖结节线与胎儿腰骶部皮肤水平线夹角确定胎儿性别可行，孕周越大确定胎儿性别准确率越高。女性胎儿子宫及男性胎儿阴茎、阴囊随着孕周增加而长大，绝大多数男性胎儿在出生前睾丸已降至阴囊。产前超声发现胎儿生殖器官异常可作为筛查指标之一，联合羊水中激素检查可早期诊断某些胎儿生殖器官异常、胎儿性分化异常、胎儿内分泌代谢异常、胎儿染色体异常相关疾病。
结论　产前超声诊断胎儿生殖系统异常可行，但不能发现全部生殖系统异常，是否成为产前超声常规筛查项目还需高质量的随机对照研究进一步证实。

引用本文： 唐英,罗红. 产前超声诊断胎儿生殖系统异常的临床证据. 中国循证医学杂志, 2009, 09(12): 1343-1345. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20090244 复制

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3.	Efrat Z, Perri T, Ramati E, et al. Fetal gender assignment by firsttrimester ultrasound. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 2006, 27: 619-621.
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7.	Phyllis G, Shalini U, Koff D, et al. Fetal sex assignment by sonographic evaluation of the pelvic organs in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. Ultrasound Med, 2007, 26: 563-569.
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1. Phillips B, Ball C, Sackett D, et al. Levels of evidence and grades of recommendation. Available for URL: http://www.cebm.net.
2. Natsuyama E. Sonographic determination of fetal sex from twelve weeks of gestation. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 1984, 149: 748-757.
3. Efrat Z, Perri T, Ramati E, et al. Fetal gender assignment by firsttrimester ultrasound. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 2006, 27: 619-621.
4. Soriano D, Lipitz S, Seidman DS, et al. Development of the fetal uterus between 19 and 38 weeks of gestation: in utero ultrasonographic measurements. Human Reprod, 1998, 14: 215-218.
5. Zalel Y, Pinhas-Hamiel O, Lipitz S, et al. The development of the fetal penis–an in uteru sonographic evaluation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 2001, 17: 129-131.
6. Achiron R, Pinhas-Hamiel O, Zalel Y, et al. Development of fetal male gender: prenatal sonographic measurement of thescrotum and evaluation of testicular descent. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 1998, 11: 242-245.
7. Phyllis G, Shalini U, Koff D, et al. Fetal sex assignment by sonographic evaluation of the pelvic organs in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. Ultrasound Med, 2007, 26: 563-569.
8. Oritpinhas H, Yaron Z, Eric S, et al. Prenatal Diagnosis of Sex Differentiation Disorders: The Role of Fetal Ultrasound. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2002, 87(10): 4547-4553.
9. Mazza V, Di Monte I, Pati M, et al. Sonographic biometrical range of external genital differentiation in the first trimester of pregnancy analysis of 2593 cases. Prenat Diagn, 2004, 24: 677-684.

《中国循证医学杂志》

产前超声诊断胎儿生殖系统异常的临床证据

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《中国循证医学杂志》

产前超声诊断胎儿生殖系统异常的临床证据

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