目的 了解遺傳因素對(duì)兒童雙生子心理健康狀況的影響并篩查亞臨床精神癥狀和心理障礙的比例。
方法 以教委-學(xué)校途徑為主募集6～16歲的共同生活的兒童雙生子。簽寫知情同意書后利用長處和困難問卷（Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire，SDQ）對(duì)重慶市64對(duì)6～16歲的雙生子其及父母、教師開展雙生子心理健康狀況的調(diào)查。采取雙生子的頰粘膜標(biāo)本以提取DNA并進(jìn)行卵型鑒定。
結(jié)果 SDQ的情緒癥狀、注意缺陷和多動(dòng)、同伴問題和癥狀產(chǎn)生的影響，計(jì)算機(jī)診斷4種結(jié)果中任何精神疾病障礙、情緒障礙、對(duì)立違抗/品行障礙、注意缺陷-多動(dòng)/多動(dòng)障礙，同卵雙生（MZ）組雙生子對(duì)內(nèi)相關(guān)系數(shù)有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義或相關(guān)系數(shù)大于異卵雙生（DZ）組。SDQ計(jì)算機(jī)診斷篩查出雙生子中存在任何精神疾病障礙的個(gè)體占37.6%，存在情緒障礙的個(gè)體占5.5%，存在對(duì)立違抗/品行障礙的個(gè)體占29.7%，存在注意缺陷-多動(dòng)/多動(dòng)障礙的個(gè)體占14.8%。
結(jié)論 在影響兒童雙生子的心理衛(wèi)生狀況的因素中，遺傳起重要作用，較大比例的兒童存在亞臨床的精神癥狀和心理障礙，兒童的心理發(fā)育和心理健康狀況應(yīng)引起更多關(guān)注。
引用本文： 傅一笑,蒙華慶,李濤,謝鵬,賈璐,黃頤,向云,鄧偉,馬曉紅,羅慶華,王英誠,胡華,杜蓮. 兒童雙生子心理健康狀況的SDQ研究. 中國循證醫(yī)學(xué)雜志, 2007, 07(8): 566-570. doi: 復(fù)制
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- 1. LI XR. The prospect and the status quo of mental health service on children in China. Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 2002, 14: 33-34.
- 2. Kou JH, Du YS, Xia LM. Reliability and validity of "children strengths and difficulties questionnaire" in Shanghai. Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 2005, 17(1): 25-28.
- 3. Liu SJ. The initial factors analysis of the Chinese version of the strengths and difficulties questionaire. Chengdu: Mental Health Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan Univeristy, 2006.
- 4. 李雪榮. 中國兒童精神衛(wèi)生服務(wù)現(xiàn)狀與展望. 上海精神醫(yī)學(xué), 2002, 14 (增刊): 33-34.
- 5. Goodman R. Psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. J Am Acad Child & Adolesc Psychiatry, 2001, 40: 1337-1345.
- 6. Ford T, Goodman R, Meltzer H. The British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Survey 1999: The Prevalence of DSM-IV Disorders. J Am Acad Child & Adolesc Psychiatry, 2003, 42(10): 1203-1211.
- 7. 寇建華, 杜亞松, 夏黎明. 兒童長處和困難問卷 (父母版)上海常模的信度和效度. 上海精神醫(yī)學(xué), 2005, 17(1): 25-28.
- 8. 劉書君. 長處和困難問卷（SDQ）中文版的信度和效度研究. 成都: 四川大學(xué)華西醫(yī)院心理衛(wèi)生中心, 2006.
- 9. BoRon D, EleyT C, O’ConnorT G, et a1. Prevalence and genetic and environmental influences on anxiety disorders in 6-year-old twins. Psychological Medicine, 2005, 36: l-l0.
- 10. Dickey WC, Blumberg SJ．Revisiting the factor structure of the Strengthes and Difficulties Questionnaire: United States, 2001. J Am Acad Child & Adolesc Psychiatry, 2004, 43f9): l159-ll67．.
- 11. The handbook of the treatment on children emotion and behavior disorder：Pll.
- 12. www.promega.com.