• 四川大學(xué)華西醫(yī)院胃腸外科中心（成都，610041）;

【摘要】　 對(duì)近年來(lái)國(guó)內(nèi)外護(hù)理本科教學(xué)中“以問題為基礎(chǔ)”的學(xué)習(xí)（problem-based learning，PBL）教學(xué)模式，包括PBL教學(xué)的開展程序、相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)模式的優(yōu)勢(shì)，以及在護(hù)理理論教學(xué)、臨床實(shí)習(xí)教學(xué)中的顯著效果予以了闡述，并就PBL教學(xué)模式在護(hù)理本科教學(xué)中有待完善的問題及發(fā)展前景進(jìn)行了分析與展望。指出PBL教學(xué)模式是適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代護(hù)理學(xué)科發(fā)展，培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)護(hù)理人才的有效教育方式。

引用本文： 李卡,黃明君. PBL在護(hù)理本科教學(xué)應(yīng)用的優(yōu)勢(shì)與發(fā)展. 華西醫(yī)學(xué), 2011, 26(7): 1105-1107. doi: 復(fù)制

1. 　Schneider S, Bazarian J, Spillane L, et al. Educational Prescriptions: Problembased learning in the ED[J]. Acad Emerg Med, 2002, 9(10): 105-131.
2. 　Schwarts P. Problem-based learning: case studies, experience and pactice[M]. Philadelphia: Kogan Page Limited, 2001: 278-283.
3. 　吳升華. 論P(yáng)BL醫(yī)學(xué)教育模式[J]. 醫(yī)學(xué)與哲學(xué), 2000, 21(12): 48-49.
4. 　Chan EA. Reflecting on the essence of our problem-based learning discussions: the importance of faculty development and our continuous quest for applications of problem-based learning[J]. Kaohsiung J Med Sci, 2009, 25(5): 276-281.
5. 　Hwang SY, Kim MJ. A comparison of problem-based learning and lecture-based learning in an adult health nursing course[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2006, 26(4): 315-321.
6. 　Seren S, Ustun B. Conflict resolution skills of nursing students in problem-based compared to conventional curricula[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2008, 28(4): 393-400.
7. 　Tiwari A, Lai P, So M, et al. A comparison of the effects of problembased learning and lecturing on the development of students’ critical thinking[J]. Med Educ, 2006, 40(6): 547-554.
8. 　Siu HM, Laschinger HK, Vingilis E. The effect of problem-based learning on nursing students’ perceptions of empowerment[J]. J Nurs Educ, 2005, 44(10): 459-469.
9. 　Rideout E, England-Oxford V, Brown B, et al. A Comparison of Problem-Based and Conventional Curricula in Nursing Education[J]. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract, 2002, 7(1): 3-17.
10. 　Bang LA, Asad F. Introducing problem-based learning in a medical school with traditional/conventional curriculum[J]. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 2003, 12(7): 378-381.
11. 　邱賢云, 俞繼芳. 非經(jīng)典PBL在外科護(hù)理學(xué)教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用[J]. 護(hù)士進(jìn)修雜志, 2005, 20(8): 740-741.
12. 　單偉穎, 封桂英, 楊坤寶, 等. PBL教學(xué)法在《婦產(chǎn)科護(hù)理學(xué)》教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用[J]. 中華護(hù)理教育, 2009, 6(3): 110-112.
13. 　張立穎, 李亞潔, 譚劍. 等. 以科研課題為中心PBL學(xué)習(xí)模式在本科教育中的應(yīng)用[J]. 中華護(hù)理雜志, 2008, 43(4): 339-340.
14. 　齊桓. PBL教學(xué)方法應(yīng)用于泌尿外科臨床實(shí)習(xí)教學(xué)過程的體會(huì)[J]. 南方醫(yī)學(xué)教育, 2007, 13(1): 30-31.
15. 　楊韻歆, 李付儒, 鐵金玉. PBL教學(xué)法在急診科臨床護(hù)理帶教中的應(yīng)用體會(huì)[J]. 中華護(hù)理教育, 2008, 5(5): 252-254.
16. 　李慧杰. 淺議PBL教學(xué)法在老年護(hù)理學(xué)教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用[J]. 衛(wèi)生職業(yè)教育, 2009, 27(2): 66-67.
17. 　李小麟, 黃雪花, 李靜, 等. PBL 教學(xué)模式在精神科護(hù)理本科實(shí)習(xí)中的探討[J]. 華西醫(yī)學(xué), 2008, 23(4): 878-879.
18. 　Jauhiainen A, Pulkkinen R. Problem-based learning and e-learning methods in clinical practice[J]. Stud Health Technol Inform, 2009, 27(146): 572-576.
19. 　Dehkordi AH, Heydarnejad MS. The impact of problem-based learning and lecturing on the behavior and attitudes of Iranian nursing students. A randomised controlled trial[J]. Dan Med Bull, 2008, 55(4): 224-226.
20. 　王欣然, 韓斌如, 張琰. 基于以問題為基礎(chǔ)的危重病護(hù)理教學(xué)過程中問題設(shè)計(jì)的研究[J]. 護(hù)理研究, 2007, 21(9): 23-53.
21. 　王曉利, 陸新容, 翟云霞. 問題學(xué)習(xí)法在臨床護(hù)理教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用研究[J]. 護(hù)士進(jìn)修雜志, 2004, 19(11): 968-970.
22. 　Matthew CE, Gwee. Problem-Based learning:a strategic learning system design for the education of healthcare professionals in the 21st century[J]. The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, 2009, 25(5): 231-239.
23. 　Barrow EJ, Lyte G. Butterworth T. An evaluation of problem-based learning in a nursing theory and practice module[J]. Nurse Educ Pract, 2002, 2(1): 55-62.
  1. 1. 　Schneider S, Bazarian J, Spillane L, et al. Educational Prescriptions: Problembased learning in the ED[J]. Acad Emerg Med, 2002, 9(10): 105-131.
  2. 2. 　Schwarts P. Problem-based learning: case studies, experience and pactice[M]. Philadelphia: Kogan Page Limited, 2001: 278-283.
  3. 3. 　吳升華. 論P(yáng)BL醫(yī)學(xué)教育模式[J]. 醫(yī)學(xué)與哲學(xué), 2000, 21(12): 48-49.
  4. 4. 　Chan EA. Reflecting on the essence of our problem-based learning discussions: the importance of faculty development and our continuous quest for applications of problem-based learning[J]. Kaohsiung J Med Sci, 2009, 25(5): 276-281.
  5. 5. 　Hwang SY, Kim MJ. A comparison of problem-based learning and lecture-based learning in an adult health nursing course[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2006, 26(4): 315-321.
  6. 6. 　Seren S, Ustun B. Conflict resolution skills of nursing students in problem-based compared to conventional curricula[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2008, 28(4): 393-400.
  7. 7. 　Tiwari A, Lai P, So M, et al. A comparison of the effects of problembased learning and lecturing on the development of students’ critical thinking[J]. Med Educ, 2006, 40(6): 547-554.
  8. 8. 　Siu HM, Laschinger HK, Vingilis E. The effect of problem-based learning on nursing students’ perceptions of empowerment[J]. J Nurs Educ, 2005, 44(10): 459-469.
  9. 9. 　Rideout E, England-Oxford V, Brown B, et al. A Comparison of Problem-Based and Conventional Curricula in Nursing Education[J]. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract, 2002, 7(1): 3-17.
  10. 10. 　Bang LA, Asad F. Introducing problem-based learning in a medical school with traditional/conventional curriculum[J]. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 2003, 12(7): 378-381.
  11. 11. 　邱賢云, 俞繼芳. 非經(jīng)典PBL在外科護(hù)理學(xué)教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用[J]. 護(hù)士進(jìn)修雜志, 2005, 20(8): 740-741.
  12. 12. 　單偉穎, 封桂英, 楊坤寶, 等. PBL教學(xué)法在《婦產(chǎn)科護(hù)理學(xué)》教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用[J]. 中華護(hù)理教育, 2009, 6(3): 110-112.
  13. 13. 　張立穎, 李亞潔, 譚劍. 等. 以科研課題為中心PBL學(xué)習(xí)模式在本科教育中的應(yīng)用[J]. 中華護(hù)理雜志, 2008, 43(4): 339-340.
  14. 14. 　齊桓. PBL教學(xué)方法應(yīng)用于泌尿外科臨床實(shí)習(xí)教學(xué)過程的體會(huì)[J]. 南方醫(yī)學(xué)教育, 2007, 13(1): 30-31.
  15. 15. 　楊韻歆, 李付儒, 鐵金玉. PBL教學(xué)法在急診科臨床護(hù)理帶教中的應(yīng)用體會(huì)[J]. 中華護(hù)理教育, 2008, 5(5): 252-254.
  16. 16. 　李慧杰. 淺議PBL教學(xué)法在老年護(hù)理學(xué)教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用[J]. 衛(wèi)生職業(yè)教育, 2009, 27(2): 66-67.
  17. 17. 　李小麟, 黃雪花, 李靜, 等. PBL 教學(xué)模式在精神科護(hù)理本科實(shí)習(xí)中的探討[J]. 華西醫(yī)學(xué), 2008, 23(4): 878-879.
  18. 18. 　Jauhiainen A, Pulkkinen R. Problem-based learning and e-learning methods in clinical practice[J]. Stud Health Technol Inform, 2009, 27(146): 572-576.
  19. 19. 　Dehkordi AH, Heydarnejad MS. The impact of problem-based learning and lecturing on the behavior and attitudes of Iranian nursing students. A randomised controlled trial[J]. Dan Med Bull, 2008, 55(4): 224-226.
  20. 20. 　王欣然, 韓斌如, 張琰. 基于以問題為基礎(chǔ)的危重病護(hù)理教學(xué)過程中問題設(shè)計(jì)的研究[J]. 護(hù)理研究, 2007, 21(9): 23-53.
  21. 21. 　王曉利, 陸新容, 翟云霞. 問題學(xué)習(xí)法在臨床護(hù)理教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用研究[J]. 護(hù)士進(jìn)修雜志, 2004, 19(11): 968-970.
  22. 22. 　Matthew CE, Gwee. Problem-Based learning:a strategic learning system design for the education of healthcare professionals in the 21st century[J]. The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, 2009, 25(5): 231-239.
  23. 23. 　Barrow EJ, Lyte G. Butterworth T. An evaluation of problem-based learning in a nursing theory and practice module[J]. Nurse Educ Pract, 2002, 2(1): 55-62.