• 四川大學(xué)華西醫(yī)院放射科(四川成都 610041);

目的  評估低劑量多排螺旋CT尿路造影技術(shù)(CTU)在評價兒童腎盂輸尿管交界部狹窄時降低兒童掃描劑量的程度以及其對CT圖像質(zhì)量的影響。
方法  掃描千伏恒定時(120kV),前瞻性按照檢查序號半隨機(jī)將30例腎盂輸尿管交界部狹窄患者按照受檢時不同掃描毫安(mA)數(shù)分成3組(115mA組、100mA組和75mA組)。分別統(tǒng)計靜脈期增強(qiáng)掃描時CT劑量權(quán)重指數(shù)(CTDIw)和劑量長度乘積(DLP)。圖像質(zhì)量分為優(yōu)、良、差三級進(jìn)行評判并記錄評價結(jié)果。數(shù)據(jù)資料采用成組方差分析和秩和檢驗進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析。
結(jié)果  115mA組、100mA組及75mA組的CTDIw分別為(7.63±0.83) mGy、(6.29±0.51) mGy和(4.72±0.18) mGy,3組間比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(F=36.445,P=0.000);75mA組的CTDIw僅為115mA組的61.8% (P<0.001)。該3組的DLP 分別為(173.89±29.88) mGy?cm、(145.96±26.21) mGy?cm和(102.78±12.72) mGy?cm,3組間比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(F=13.955,P=0.000);75mA組的DLP僅為115mA組的59.1% (P<0.001)。其他掃描條件和圖像后處理方式相同時,管電流低至75mA時CTU圖像質(zhì)量并未減低,完全可滿足診斷要求。在圖像質(zhì)量評估上,3位醫(yī)師有很好的一致性(Kappa=0.736)。
結(jié)論  低劑量多排螺旋CTU在評價兒童腎盂輸尿管交界部狹窄時可有效降低CT劑量,減輕CTU檢查時多次CT掃描對兒童造成的輻射傷害,且并不犧牲圖像質(zhì)量。

引用本文: 張麗芝,曾涵江,黃子星,宋彬. 低劑量多排螺旋CT尿路造影技術(shù)在兒童腎盂輸尿管交界部狹窄的應(yīng)用評價. 中國普外基礎(chǔ)與臨床雜志, 2013, 20(5): 565-568. doi: 復(fù)制

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10. Gies M, Kalender WA, Wolf H, et al. Dose reduction in CT by anatomically adapted tube current modulation. I. Simulation studies[J]. Med Phys, 1999, 26(11):2235-2247.
11. Golding SJ, Shrimpton PC. Radiation dose in CT:are we meetingthe challenge?[J]. Br J Radiol, 2002, 75(889):1-4.
  1. 1. Prokop M. Radiation dose in computed tomography. Risks and challenges[J]. Radiology, 2008, 48(3):229-242.
  2. 2. Catalano C, Francone M, Ascarelli A, et al. Optimizing radiation dose and image quality[J]. Eur Radiol, 2007, 17 Suppl 6:F26-F32.
  3. 3. Morán LM, Rodríguez R, Calzado A, et al. Image quality and dose evaluation in spiral chest CT examinations of patients with lung carcinoma[J]. Br J Radiol, 2004, 77(922):839-846.
  4. 4. Mayo JR, Aldrich J, Muller NL, et al. Radiation exposure at chest CT:a statement of the Fleischner Society[J]. Radiology, 2003, 228(1):15-21.
  5. 5. Tack D, Widelec J, De Maertelaer V, et al. Comparison between low-dose and standard-dose multidetector CT in patients with suspected chronic sinusitis[J]. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2003, 181(4):939-944.
  6. 6. Hagtvedt T, Aaløkken TM, Nøtthellen J, et al. A new low-dose CT examination compared with standard-dose CT in the diagnosis of acute sinusitis[J]. Eur Radiol, 2003, 13(5):976-980.
  7. 7. Dinkel HP, Sonnenschein M, Hoppe H, et al. Low-dose multisliceCT of the thorax in follow-up of malignant lymphoma and extrap-ulmonary primary tumors[J]. Eur Radiol, 2003, 13(6):1241-1249.
  8. 8. Tack D, De Maertelaer V, Gevenois PA. Dose reduction in multid-etector CT using attenuation-based online tube current modulation[J]. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2003, 181(2):331-334.
  9. 9. Kalender WA, Wolf H, Suess C, et al. Dose reduction in CT by on-line tube current control: principles and validation on phantoms and cadavers[J]. Eur Radiol, 1999, 9(2):323-328.
  10. 10. Gies M, Kalender WA, Wolf H, et al. Dose reduction in CT by anatomically adapted tube current modulation. I. Simulation studies[J]. Med Phys, 1999, 26(11):2235-2247.
  11. 11. Golding SJ, Shrimpton PC. Radiation dose in CT:are we meetingthe challenge?[J]. Br J Radiol, 2002, 75(889):1-4.
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