【摘要】 目的 探討多層螺旋CT低劑量掃描在小兒上尿路梗阻性疾病中的應(yīng)用價(jià)值?！》椒ā?008年1月-2009年6月經(jīng)臨床手術(shù)證實(shí)尿路梗阻的患兒52例，按梗阻的原因分為結(jié)石組13例與非結(jié)石組39例。將非結(jié)石組患兒，按照年齡分為0~1歲（8例）、1~5歲（16例）和5~10歲（15例）3個(gè)組，均采用個(gè)性化的低劑量掃描方式。 結(jié)果 結(jié)石組與非結(jié)石組陽性診斷率均為100%。低劑量掃描患兒所接受的輻射劑量明顯降低，CT掃描管電流不變，管電壓降低1/3，CT檢查的輻射劑量可降低約70%，且均可達(dá)到臨床診斷要求?！〗Y(jié)論 多層螺旋CT低劑量個(gè)性化掃描在小兒上尿路梗阻性疾病中診斷中具有明顯優(yōu)勢?！続bstract】 Objective To evaluate low-dose multislice spiral CT for upper urinary tract obstruction in children. Methods From January 2008 to June 2009, 52 children with upper urinary tract obstruction were diagnosed via clinical surgeries. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether having renal calculus (13 patients) or not (39 patients). The patients in non-calculus group were divided into three sub-groups: aged 0-1 (eight patients), 1-5 (16 patients), and 5-10 (15 patients). Low dose multislice spiral CT with different doses was performed. Results The rate of positive predictive diagnosis was 100% in both calculus and non-calculus group. Low dose scan reduced the radiation dose of children. The fixed tube current and the decreased tube voltage (decreased 1/3) led to the decrease of the radiation dose (decreased 70%), which were feasible for diagnosis. Conclusion Low-dose multislice spiral CT was available for upper urinary tract obstruction in children.