【摘要】 目的 探討左氧氟沙星聯(lián)合阿奇霉素治療老年難治性呼吸道感染的療效及安全性?!》椒ā∵x擇2005年2月-2010年9月收治的高齡難治性呼吸道細菌感染患者68例,隨機分為治療組和對照組。治療組34例,給予左氧氟沙星聯(lián)合阿奇霉素;對照組34例,給予左氧氟沙星,兩組總療程皆為15 d。觀察兩組患者的臨床療效、細菌清除率和不良反應(yīng)?!〗Y(jié)果 治療組的總有效率為64.71%,對照組總有效率為32.35%,兩組差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(Plt;0.05) 。治療組細菌清除率為76.19%,對照組細菌清除率為36.36%,兩組差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(Plt;0.05) 。治療組和對照組的不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率分別為5.88%和8.82%,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(Pgt;0.05)。結(jié)論 左氧氟沙星聯(lián)合阿奇霉素治療老年難治性呼吸道感染療效高, 能有效清除細菌, 不良反應(yīng)較少, 值得臨床推廣應(yīng)用。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of levofloxacin combined with azithromycin on refractory respiratory infections in elder patients. Methods A total of 68 elder patients with refractory respiratory infections in our hospital from February 2005 to September 2010 were randomly divided into two groups: treatment group (n=34) and control group (n=34). The patients in treatment group were treated with levofloxacin combined with azithromycin; while the patients in the control group were treated with levofloxacin alone. The total treatment periods of both groups were 15 days. The therapeutic efficacy, eradication rate of pathogens and the rate of aelverse reactions were observed. Results The therapeutic effect rate was 64.71% in the treatment group and 32.35% in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (Plt;0.05). The eradication rate of pathogens was 76.19% in the treatment group and 36.36% in the control group, and the difference was significant (Plt;0.05). The rate of the adverse reaction was 5.88% in the treatment group and 8.82% in the control group, and there were no significant differences between the two groups (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion Levofloxacin combined with Azithromycin is effective on refractory respiratory tract infection in elder patients, which can effectively remove the bacteria with few adverse reaction.
目的系統(tǒng)評價莫西沙星治療支原體肺炎的療效和安全性。 方法計算機檢索PubMed、The Cochrane Library(2014年第4期)、ISI、CBM、CNKI、VIP和WanFang Data等數(shù)據(jù)庫,納入莫西沙星治療支原體肺炎的隨機對照試驗(RCT),檢索時限均為從建庫至2014年4月。由2位研究者按照納入與排除標準篩選文獻、提取資料和評價納入研究的方法學(xué)質(zhì)量后,采用RevMan 5.2軟件進行Meta分析。 結(jié)果共計16個RCT,1 401例患者。Meta分析結(jié)果顯示:與紅霉素或阿奇霉素比較,莫西沙星有較高的治愈率[OR=2.35,95%CI(1.76,3.15),P<0.000 01]和細菌轉(zhuǎn)陰率[OR=3.74,95%CI(1.76,7.96),P=0.000 6],且退熱時間較短[MD=-1.07,95%CI(-1.43,-0.71),P<0.000 01];莫西沙星與阿奇霉素聯(lián)用較單用阿奇霉素有較高的治愈率[OR=1.63,95%CI(1.09,2.42),P=0.02]和細菌轉(zhuǎn)陰率[OR=5.78,95%CI(2.41,13.84),P<0.000 1],且退熱時間較短[MD=-0.99,95%CI(-1.52,-0.47),P=0.000 2]。莫西沙星治療與紅霉素或阿奇霉素治療相比有較低的肝功能損傷發(fā)生率[OR=0.16,95%CI(0.04,0.72),P=0.02],而胃腸道不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率相似。 結(jié)論莫西沙星較大環(huán)內(nèi)酯類紅霉素或阿奇霉素能更有效治療支原體肺炎,且不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率較低。受納入研究數(shù)量及質(zhì)量限制,上述結(jié)論尚需開展更多高質(zhì)量、大樣本、多中心的RCT加以驗證。
目的探討阿奇霉素對慢性阻塞性肺疾?。ê喎Q慢阻肺)肺血管重構(gòu)的作用及可能機制。方法將 18 只 SD 大鼠隨機分為對照組(A 組)、模型組(B 組)、阿奇霉素干預(yù)組(C 組)。B 組與 C 組采用煙熏+氣管內(nèi)注射脂多糖的方法復(fù)制慢阻肺大鼠模型,C 組于第 15 d 開始,每日煙熏前 1 h,予以阿奇霉素 50 mg/kg 灌胃,A、B 組予以等量生理鹽水灌胃,6 周后處死大鼠。蘇木精-伊紅染色觀察肺組織病理改變,維多利亞藍+Van Gieson 染色觀察肺小動脈形態(tài)學(xué)改變,ELISA 法檢測血清骨橋蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)含量,免疫組化檢測 OPN 蛋白表達,熒光定量 PCR 檢測 OPN mRNA 的表達。結(jié)果與 A 組比較,B、C 組肺血管炎癥程度、肺血管重構(gòu)較明顯,C 組肺血管炎癥程度和肺血管重構(gòu)較 B 組輕。B、C 組血清 OPN 含量、肺組織 OPN 蛋白表達、肺組織 OPN mRNA 表達量高于 A 組,C 組血清 OPN 含量、肺組織 OPN 蛋白表達、肺組織 OPN mRNA 表達量較 B 低。血清 OPN 含量、肺組織 OPN 蛋白表達、肺組織 OPN mRNA 表達量與肺血管炎癥程度和血管重構(gòu)成正相關(guān)。結(jié)論阿奇霉素可減輕慢阻肺大鼠肺血管炎癥及肺血管重構(gòu),其機制可能與抑制 OPN 的表達有關(guān)。